Alpha-Ketoglutarate or AAKG is a kind of salt, amino salt to be precise that is being used in dietary and even body building supplement. The protein content that Alpha-Ketoglutarate produces is the ones responsible for producing different hormones that are responsible for muscle growth. Please take note that this is not something that can be compared with steroids. Alpha-Ketoglutarate just helps your body produce the right amount of body building hormones – it basically maintains the body system’s entire metabolic process. For people who have recently undergone surgery, this is what most surgeons recommend. It increases the level of insulin in the body and increased insulin means faster cell regeneration and faster wound healing.

Amylase is also sometimes called a starch blocker. As the name suggests, it prevents the body from absorbing dietary starches. It is present in the saliva. This is particularly benefits diabetic patients because it helps maintain and regulate the blood glucose levels. It also helps in maintaining and losing weight. It is effective in treating obesity. The ingested carbohydrates are broken down by the digestive enzymes which are then absorbed by the body. Amylase limits the capacity of the body in absorbing carbohydrates which are later on turned into glucose, a simple sugar, that can be used by the body as energy fuel.

Bioperine is an extract from the fruit of Piper nigrum L (black pepper) or Piper longum L (long pepper) that contains 95 percent of piperine. Black pepper is a common household spice. Extract from black pepper has also been used extensively as a medicine. To reach the greatest quality during the harvest, the pepper is reaped before ripening and after that is placed to dry under the sun rays. Bioperine is known for its effect to enhance the efficiency of many supplement nutrients. Bioperine acts to enhance the body’s natural therogenic activity – giving the name thermonutrient. This enhancement brings about increased metabolic rate creating demand for supple of many nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, herbals, amino acids. It sets in motion a process that brings about better digestion and faster gastrointestinal absorption.

Calcium is a mineral that plays an important role in the development of the human body. It is common knowledge that calcium is important in preventing osteoporosis. However, calcium also provides structural support in the development of muscles. Deficiency in calcium could cause obesity because it triggers the release of parathyroid hormone that stimulates the production of fats in the body and inhibits its breakdown. It also reduces the blood pressure. Calcium also has the ability to fight colon cancer by binding itself with cancer cells to inhibit its growth and progression. It is also beneficial to women suffering from PMS or premenstrual syndrome such as depression, mood swings, anxiety, water retention, breast tenderness, and headaches.

Cellulase breaks down fibers. The term cellulase refers to a group of enzymes that target breakdown of cellulose, which is the most abundant and primary structural content of vascular plants. The body cannot digest cellulose, but supplemental cellulase can be consumed to help the breakdown of cellulose into beta-glucose. For producing supplemental cellulase, a nonpathogenic and nontoxicogenic species of fungus, Trichoderma viride, is cultured, from which cellulase is obtained and purified. Beta-glucose has viscous quality in intestinal canal and stomach, and its resistant quality slows down absorption of fats and carbohydrates from food sources. This ensures a positive effect by assisting in maintaining steadier blood levels of cholesterol and sugar after eating.

Coenzyme Q10, used by the body to produce energy for cells and as an antioxidant. Coenzyme Q10 is a biologically active quinone with an isoprenoid side chain, related in structure to vitamin E and vitamin K.

Glucoamylase

Glycerol Phosphate is an anion or a negatively charged ion that is produced from glycerol and phosphoric acid after being acted upon by an enzyme called glycerol kinase. Any glycerophosphoric acid salt or ester are considered to be glycerol phospate. Gycerol phospate is what composes glycerophospholipids. Through dehydrogenation, glycerol phospate could be turned into a biochemical compound known as dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Due to some similarities of the name, glycerol 3-phospate is sometimes being confused with glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

Idebenone is a commercially promoted synthetic analog of coenzyme. It is an organic compound of the quinine family. Idebenone is said to have similar antioxidant properties like the coenzyme. In Europe, idebenone is used as a synthetic analog of coenzyme to treat vascular as well as degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. There is an on going research done on the usage of idebenone to cure Alzheimer’s disease. Research also shows that idebenone may also be beneficial for those suffering from Friedreich's ataxia. In the research conducted on patients of Friedreich’s ataxia, idebenone helped in reducing the rate of deterioration of cardia function. It helped in doing but without halting the progression of ataxia. Another successful use of idebenone has been in the topical application of the treatment of wrinkles.

Inosine forms a compound that has been found to have its effects in energy metabolism. One must not mistake Inosine with amino acid. It’s better known as nucleoside and plays several beneficial roles. It participates in the metabolism of oxygen in the body, helps in the release of insulin, participates in the metabolism of protein synthesis and also facilitates the heart’s usage of carbohydrate. Inosine is good for those people who want to loose weight or just basically feel the need to remain fit and exercise, as inosine increases ones stamina to handle strenuous worok out sessions and extreme training programs. Inosine is safe both for men as well as women as it has negligible side effects.

Lipase is a water-soluble enzyme used by the body to break down dietary fats to make it more absorbable by the intestines. It is manufactured by the pancreas. However, people with certain diseases such as Crohn’s disease and cystic fibrosis produce insufficient lipase and may need supplemental sources from food. Lipase helps with digestion. It reduces bloating, gas, and flatulence. It also relieves the symptom of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). It also helps digest fats and oils that cause weight gain. Lipase aids in controlling the blood cholesterol and blood pressure level. It is also effective in the treatment of celiac disease that causes abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue.

Magnesium is the chemical element found in the periodic table with the atomic number 12. This alkaline earth metal is one of ten most common elements in the known universe and also very prominently present in the human body. It manipulates polyphosphate compounds, most prominently the DNA, RNA and the ATP. Numerous enzymes rely on magnesium ions to function properly. Most common application of magnesium in medicine may be the addition to antacids and laxatives. This metal is not found as a free element naturally on Earth, generally the metal is obtained through electrolysis of magnesium salts. The most common deficiency in the United States with staggering two thirds of the population is the magnesium deficiency. Magnesium can be obtained through vegetables, tea, cocoa, cereals, coffee, nuts and spices.

Maltase is an enzyme that acts as a catalyst in converting disaccharide maltose to a more simple form of sugar such as glucose. Maltase is found in yeast, bacteria, and plants such as grains, barley, and starches. Although, it may be ingested in the diet as a supplement, maltase is produced by the body in the intestinal wall’s mucus membrane lining. It works by breaking down polysaccharides and amylose. It functions together with other enzymes such as amylase and glucoamylase in the digestion of foods that are rich carbohydrates. It also helps in relieving stomach discomforts and alleviates abdominal pains. It prevents Acid Maltase Deficiency (AMD).

Phytase is an enzyme that is commercially produced by microbial fermentation of the fungus Aspergillus niger and other such micro-organisms. Phytase can break down phytic acids or phytates. Phytates are indigestible parts that can be found in grains and oils seeds that are indigestible. It forms conflict with other digestive enzymes, proteins, and minerals making it anti-nutritional. On the other hand, Phytase helps release important nutrients, and helps release and maximize the use magnesium, calcium, other minerals, carbohydrates and proteins in the body. Phytase helps release phosphorus that is important for bone growth. Phytase also helps in reducing the risk of heavy metal poisoning caused by Dicalcium phosphate and prevents microbial pollution.

Potassium is an electrolyte, a substance that maintains the fluid levels in the body. It is helpful in regulating blood pressure and heart function. Intake of potassium can benefit people suffering from hypertension. Research has found that a potassium supplement intake decreased incidence of stroke by 60 percent. It neutralizes acids and restores alkaline salts to bloodstream.  It acts along with sodium cells to maintain or restore membrane potentials. Potassium is also vital for nerve functioning and cardiovascular, and regulates nutrients’ transfer into cells and adds to muscle energy. It also helps recuperative powers, besides regulating water balance. Potassium is beneficial for eliminating wastes. It is helpful in controlling headaches and convulsions, and quickens healing of cuts, bruises and other injuries.

Protease is an enzyme that reduces inflammation. Inflammation is the body's natural response to injury, but increased inflammation retards healing process. It cleanses the blood of organic debris. Protease helps dissolve fibrin in the blood, reducing the risk of clots. Different specialized proteases like nattokinase are good at bettering quality of blood cells, reducing risk of clots, and optimizing ability of blood to flow through circulatory system. This helps decrease risk of stroke. It strengthens the immune system and kills viruses, bacteria, fungi, and molds. Protease eliminates autoimmune diseases. It helps dissolve scar tissue, which is made of protein. Proteolytic enzymes effectively dissolve scar tissue, especially in circulatory system. It can help decrease symptoms of MS, cleanse lungs and assist in detoxing.

Sucrase is a naturally occurring enzyme in the small intestine that aids in breaking down sucrose to form glucose and fructose. Sucrase is sometimes also referred to as invertase or saccharase. The official name used for Sucrase is beta-fructofuranosidase. Sucrase is commonly used in the food industry as an additive where in fructose is preferred. It is also used to improve the shelf-life of confectionaries. Sucrase is important in the body. When the small intestine fails to produce Sucrase, it may result in sucrose intolerance (Congenital Sucrase-Isomaltase Deficiency or CSID). It causes diarrhea, excess gas, flatulence, and malabsorption of sucrose. This is also related to the ability to hydrolyze the lactose.

Trimethylglycine, which is also known as betaine, due to the source it was discovered in, Beta vulgaris or sugar beets, is an organic compound that is deemed related to trimethylaminoethanol, or choline. To diversify it from other betaines, trimethylglycine is often called glycine betaine as well. Humans generally ingest betaine through their diet, because it is high in content in wheat, whole wheat, shellfish, sugar beets and spinach. It can also be formed in the human body out of choline. As a potential methyl donor, trimethylglycine, or TMG for short, is in the same provider group with Vitamin B12, the folic acid, choline and S-adenosyl methionine, or SAMe. TMG also plays a vital function in the production of carnitine, furthermore it works in protecting kidneys and the liver.

Vitamin E consists of eight related vitamins that are all fat soluble and have antioxidant properties. The alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols with the corresponding tocotrienols all belong to the Vitamin E group, whereby the alpha-tocopherol has been found to be the most bioavailable form. Vitamin E is commonly found in food sources like eggs, milk, nuts, seeds, vegetable oil like olive oil, wholegrain foods, wheat germ, red palm oil, but also in asparagus and avocado fruits. While Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant, several other properties have been noted as well, such as prevention of damage to neurons, cholesterol reduction and cancer prevention. Vitamin E has been also identified as a vital signaling molecule, whereby the primary necessity of Vitamin E to human survival is still not clear.