Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate is an excellent body building supplement that helps in reducing body fat and in building up the immune system. It assists the metabolism of nitric oxides and increases the blood flow and oxygen to various parts of the body and carries nutrients to the skeletal muscles. As a result, the performance and physique of an individual are improved without excessive dieting or using drugs. Many athletes use it to improve their strength and muscle mass. It increases the secretion of insulin and growth hormones and is known to improve the growth rate in children. It is effective in treating people with burns, wounds and those recovering from a surgery. Patients suffering from trauma and malnutrition have been known to benefit from it.

Arginine Picamilon is a combination of NO-enhancing agents that start the unparalleled vascularity for more endurance and strength. It is a new compound that helps increase the flow of blood to the brain. Via niacin, picamilon is bound to Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA). Arginine Picamilon causes vasodilation in the brain along with flow of cerebral blood in abundance. With the activation of the Gamma-amino butyric acid receptor, the secretion of Somatotropin takes place which enhances synthesis of protein and growth. Combination of arginine with picamilon is good for mental focus. Picamilon increases blood flow to areas of brain where GABA receptors are present and this increases memory, mood and awareness.

Beta-Alanine is a beta amino acid that is naturally occurring and that has a name given by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry – IUPAC – sounding as distinctive as 3-aminopropanoic acid. This nonessential amino acid is derived in the body by the degradation of carnosine or dihydrouracil. It is furthermore a part of natural peptides anserine and carnosine and can be found as a component of Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid. Beta-alanine levels limit the amount of carnosine, which means that it is a rate limiting factor for this dipeptide. When beta-alanine is being supplemented, it has been observed that carnosine levels in muscles are raised, which seems to reduce fatigue in athletes and raise the level of exercises that can be done.

Caffeine is a methylated xenthine discovered in 1819 by Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, a German chemist. Sources of Caffeine include beans, fruit and leaves of some plants. Caffeine available for human consumption is most commonly extracted from the coffee plant cherries and tea bush leaves, as well as foods and drinks that contain products derived from the kola nut. Caffeine can temporarily reduce the sensation of being tired; however, this does not mean that it eliminates the need for sleep. Generally, twenty five to fifty milligrams of caffeine is enough for most consumers to report an increase in alertness and arousal. Caffeine should be not be consumed by those with fecal incontinence as it relaxes the internal anal sphincter muscles.

Carbamyl-L-Glutamate

Citrulline Malate is encouraged to boost endurance as well as to give more energy for good training and also shows speedy recovery. Citrulline Malate is a blend of citrulline and this is a tri-carboxylic acid. This is normally prescribed treatment as antiasthenic. The research and studies show that the human’s muscles shows improvement in the performance even in people suffering with loss of body strength. Citrulline Malate shows significant reduction in the fatigue feeling and also a substantial increase in the ATP production. This indication leads to more energy production and a healthy attitude. These results are truly interesting. The studies in this concept show that all the sports drinks, food supplements, and other energy bars follow this pattern. It has been found to be effective and has the potential in enhancing the performance and fat loss or muscle growth. Citrulline Malate is of immense use for high intensity exercise such as bodybuilders, athletes, runners and cyclists.

Histidine is an amino acid that is essential especially in infants. The adult body produces this amino acid naturally and thus it becomes a non-essential acid. However in the case of infants this is not true. This vitamin is extremely important and children may not have sufficient Histidine. The Histidine is an originator of the Histamine which is a compound that is release by the human immune system when an allergic reaction takes place. This is also essential for the repair and growth of new tissues and helps to maintain myelin sheaths (the protectors of the nerve cells). Histidine is also needed for the production of the red and white blood cells.

L-Isoleucine is one of the amino acids besides the other two, L-Valine and L-Leucine. These are found in all the forms of life as proteins. They are as well obtainable in the diet through vegetable and animal sources. L-Isoleucine is good to regulated blood sugar as well the energy levels. It is also important in the synthesis of hemoglobulin and thereby increases endurance. L-Isolecuine gets metabolized in the tissues of the muscles and the opulent L-Isolecuine sources are almonds, cashews and soy protein. Hence, this is prominent among athletes and is taken in combination with the other two amino acids, L-Leucine and L-Valine. L-Isoleucine is required for the formation of hemoglobin and also regulates as well as stabilizes the energy levels. The other food sources of L-Isoleucine are eggs, meat, fish, rye, chickpeas, chicken, liver and lentils. People suffering from physical and mental disorders are usually deficient in L-Isoleucine. These amino acids are required for the synthesis of enzymes, structural protein and for hormones.

L-Leucine is an essential amino acid that works together with isoleucine and valine, forming the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Leucine is easily converted by to body to glucose, helping to regulate and maintain the blood sugar level. Leucine promotes muscle recovery, muscle repair and provides the body with energy. It also helps in burning fat that are least responsive to exercise and dieting. Leucine helps in toning the body and the muscles. Leucine prevents muscle loss by breaking down and converting to glucose, this prevents the body from breaking down muscle tissues to create energy, particularly during intense workouts and heavy weight lifting.

L-Norvaline is a modified form of Valine, an amino acid found in the body. It promotes the increased production of nitric oxide in the body by blocking the production of arginase, allowing the body to make full use of the raw material required for building energy. Because it has the ability to increase the production of nitric oxide, the muscles are further supplied with larger amounts of blood after a heavy workout. Through the blocking of arginase, the body is able to increase the supply of arginine, which is responsible for the growth of muscular tissues. Arginine also increases the supply of growth hormones and lowers blood pressure. L-Norvaline boosts the immune system and is of great benefit to athletes who follow strict workout schedules.

L-Valine is the third branched chain amino acid and is required for muscle metabolism, repairs and regenerates tissue, and maintains the body's nitrogen level. It also is used as a muscle energy source and preserves the use of glucose.

Methylsynephrine is a variation of B – phenylehylamine which is found in the rare medicinal plant Acacia Rigidula and some other cacti which basically produces central nervous stimulation. Methylsynephrine is one of the newly identified key alkaloids in Acacia Rigidula. Methylsynephrine is an off the chain version of Synephrine. It is an adrenergic amine which accelerates fat metabolism as well as thermogenisis. These simultaneously speed up the fat burning process. Methylsynephrine, unlike ephedrine which is chemically similar, has mild stimulating properties on the central nervous system. This is a very desirable property in any weight loss compound as it allows for quick fat burning without the accompanying racing hear and anxiety. Methylsynephrine is also distinctive due to its role in the metabolization and the destruction of fat in the body by freeing up the stored fat for energy instead of using the ingested carbohydrates.

Methyltyramine is also known as Norpholedrine and para-Hydroxyamphetamine. Its chemical formula is C9H13NO and Mol. Mass is 151.206 g/mol. Methyltyramine’s IUPAC name is 4-(2-aminopropyl)phenol and CAS number is 206-181-4. It occurs naturally as an alkaloid in plants including Acacia berlandieri. It also occurs as a metabolite of amphetamine. Methyltyramine is used in medicine for treatment of eyes; eye drops contain Methyltyramine because it causes pupilary dilation. It is also used as a drug in combination with tropicamide by sportsmen and athletes because research shows that it can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, which results in enhanced athletic performance.

Ornithine is an amino acid that is produced in the human body during the production of urea. It is manufactured when arginine is being metabolized. Ornithine is also present in meat, fish, eggs and dairy products. It promotes the development and growth of lean muscles by increasing the production of hormones such as insulin and growth hormones. It also play an important role with the metabolism of fat. It helps in losing weight by aiding the body burn the fats for energy; this in turn results to leaner muscles. Ornithine also helps in tissue repair, which aids in healing the muscles after intense workouts. It also helps assist the liver and immune system to function properly.

Oxovanadium is formulated to mimic how insulin functions in the body. It gives the same response generated by high Gl (Glycimic) carbohydrates such as sugar to active the cells and stimulate creatine retention in the body. It makes the body become more responsive to insulin. It is becoming a favourite in body building supplements because it allows the same benefits without the carbohydrates and fats. It is also easily absorbed by the intestine. It also help improve and boost the endurance. It aids in the development and formation of leaner and stronger muscles. It may also help in maintaining and balancing the blood sugar level.

Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge extract has a common name Dan-shen root extract. This is a traditional medical herb and belongs to the Labiate family. The botanical name is Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge. The main part used in this is the root. Though, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge Extract tastes bitter, it is also slightly cold. The active compounds that are present in this extract are Isotanshinone I, Methyltanshinone, Tanshinone, Isocryptotanshinone, Cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone, Hydroxytanshinone, and Radix Salvia acid A, B and C. Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge Extract is a natural herb and its extracts are in six varieties with over twenty specifications. In fact, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge root is commonly used for cardiovascular indications as per traditional Chinese medicine. Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge roots exhibited tough tolerance to hyperosmotic stress and retains a stable weight. The hairy root stimulates the diterpenoid tanshinone in the Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge Extract. This is remarkably useful as an extract as a root and also as a dry root.

Theobromine- The bitter alkaloid found in chocolate is known as theobromine. It comes from the cacoa plant and is found in chocolate as well as chocolate free foods that are consist of theobromine. Theobromine belongs to the methylxanthine class of chemical compounds. It is found in the leaves of the tea plant, the kola or cola nut and acai berries. No bromine is present in theobromine, despite the name. The properties of theobromine are that it is souluble in water, is crystalline, is a bitter powder, is listed as white or colorless in color. It is considered a lesser homologue because it has a lesser effect to caffeine. Theobromine is the kind of isomer which belongs to paraxanthine and theophylline at the same time. It is basically a xanthine having two methyl groups.

Vinpocetine, a derivative alkaloid of vincamine, is actually semi synthetic in nature. It is an extract from the It is an extract from the periwinkle vinca minor. Vinpocentine is used because it has neuroprotective effects and also helps in enhancing the cerebral blood flow. In Eastern Europe, it is also used as a drug to treat cerebrovascular disorders along with age related memory impairment. It is also extensively marketed as a supplement for vasodilation. It is also used to improve the memory since it plays the role of a nootropic. Vinpocentine is therefore used in supporting brain function. It helps in enhancing concentration and memory by activating cerebral metabolism. In the body building world, vinpocetine is often used a vasodilator. However, no research has been done so far on the effect of vinpocentine in the body building.